As infrastructure for information transmission, communication cables are widely used across various industries and scenarios. In home and office networks, they facilitate broadband access, the construction of enterprise LANs, and the expansion of Wi-Fi coverage; common types include twisted-pair cables (Cat5e/Cat6/Cat6a) and optical fibers (such as GPON cables), characterized by low cost, ease of installation, and high stability. In data centers and cloud computing, communication cables are used for server interconnection, storage area networks (SANs), and connections between server racks, primarily utilizing optical fibers (multi-mode/single-mode) and active optical cables (AOCs) to meet demands for high bandwidth and low-latency data transmission .
In the telecommunications and broadcasting sectors, communication cables support telephony, cable TV signal transmission, and Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) deployments. Cable types include twisted-pair, coaxial (RG-6/RG-59), and single-mode fiber, with FTTH offering high bandwidth and significant potential for future upgrades. Security and surveillance systems utilize communication cables to connect cameras to monitoring centers for CCTV, as well as for access control and alarm systems; these applications employ coaxial cables, shielded twisted-pair cables, and optical fibers, requiring resistance to interference and real-time transmission capabilities.
In the fields of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, communication cables facilitate fieldbus communication and Industrial Ethernet, connecting devices such as PLCs and sensors. Shielded twisted-pair cables or optical fibers are commonly used, requiring characteristics such as oil and high-temperature resistance to withstand harsh environments. In transportation and infrastructure, communication cables serve rail transit communications and intelligent transportation systems, connecting equipment like train control systems and cameras; optical fibers or low-smoke zero-halogen (LSZH) cables are employed to meet stringent requirements for high reliability and electromagnetic interference (EMI) resistance.
For specialized applications-such as in the medical, aerospace, marine, and offshore oil platform sectors-communication cables must meet specific safety standards or possess properties like waterproofing, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature tolerance to ensure reliability in extreme environments [6].